Ngokukhula okuthuthukayo kwe-China-Asean Free Trade Area (i-CAFTA), izindawo zokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe amabili ziye zanda futhi zaba nemiphumela emihle, okufake umfutho oqinile ekuchumeni komnotho wesifunda kanye nokuzinza. Leli phepha lizohlaziya ngokujulile izinzuzo nezinzuzo ze-CAFTA, futhi libonise ubuhle bayo obuyingqayizivele njengendawo enkulu yokuhweba yamahhala phakathi kwamazwe asathuthuka.
1. Uhlolojikelele lwezoni yokuhweba mahhala
I-China-Asean Free Trade Area yethulwa ngokusemthethweni ngoJanuwari 1,2010, ihlanganisa abantu abayizigidigidi eziyi-1.9 emazweni ayi-11, nge-GDP yethu yama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha kanye nohwebo lwama-US $4.5 trillion, olubalelwa ku-13% wohwebo lomhlaba. Njengenani labantu elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni kanye nendawo enkulu yohwebo lwamahhala phakathi kwamazwe asathuthuka, ukusungulwa kwe-CAFTA kubaluleke kakhulu ekuchumeni komnotho nasekuzinzeni kwe-East Asia, Asia kanye nomhlaba imbala.
Kusukela i-China yaphakamisa isinyathelo sokusungula i-China-ASEAN Free Trade Area ngo-2001, izinhlangothi zombili kancane kancane ziye zabona ukukhululeka kwezohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali ngokusebenzisa imizuliswano eminingi yezingxoxo nemizamo. Ukwethulwa ngokugcwele kwe-FTA ngowezi-2010 kuphawula isiteji esisha sokubambisana kwamazwe amabili. Kusukela lapho, indawo yokuhweba yamahhala iye yathuthukiswa isuka kunguqulo 1.0 yaya kunguqulo 3.0. Izindawo zokusebenzisana zandisiwe futhi izinga lokubambisana liye lathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo.
2. Izinzuzo zendawo yokuhweba mahhala
Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwendawo yokuhweba ngokukhululekile, imigoqo yokuhweba phakathi kweChina ne-ASEAN yehliswe kakhulu, futhi amazinga entela ehliswe kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, amanani entengo emikhiqizweni engaphezu kuka-7,000 akhanseliwe ku-FTZ, futhi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 wezimpahla azuze amanani angabizi. Lokhu akunciphisi nje kuphela izindleko zohwebo zamabhizinisi, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokufinyelela ezimakethe, futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula okusheshayo kokuhwebelana kwamazwe amabili.
I-China ne-ASEAN ziyahambisana kakhulu ngokwezinsiza kanye nokwakheka kwezimboni. I-China inezinzuzo ekukhiqizeni, ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda nakweminye imikhakha, kuyilapho i-ASEAN inezinzuzo emikhiqizweni yezolimo nemithombo yamaminerali. Ukusungulwa kwendawo yohwebo olukhululekile kwenze izinhlangothi zombili zakwazi ukwaba izinsiza ngezinga elikhulu nasezingeni eliphezulu, kutholwa izinzuzo ezihambisanayo kanye nokuhlomula ngazo zombili.
Imakethe ye-CAFTA, enabantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.9 inamandla amakhulu. Ngokujula kokubambisana kwamazwe amabili, imakethe yabathengi kanye nemakethe yokutshalwa kwezimali endaweni yohwebo lwamahhala kuzokwandiswa nakakhulu. Lokhu akuhlinzeki nje kuphela ngesikhala semakethe esibanzi samabhizinisi aseShayina, kodwa futhi kuletha amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa amazwe ase-ASEAN.
3. Izinzuzo zendawo yokuhweba mahhala
Ukusungulwa kwe-FTA kukhuthaze ukukhululeka kwezohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokwenza lula phakathi kwe-China ne-ASEAN, futhi kwafaka umfutho omusha ekukhuleni komnotho wezinhlangothi zombili. Ngokwezibalo, kule minyaka eyishumi edlule selokhu yasungulwa, ivolumu yokuhwebelana phakathi kweChina ne-ASEAN ifinyelele ukukhula okusheshayo, futhi lezi zinhlangothi zombili seziphenduke abalingani ababalulekile bokuhweba kanye nezindawo zokutshala izimali komunye nomunye.
Ukusungulwa kwendawo yohwebo olukhululekile kugqugquzele ukwenziwa ngcono kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlaka lwezimboni zezinhlangothi zombili. Ngokuqinisa ukubambisana ezindaweni ezisafufusa njengobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nomnotho osihlaza, lezi zinhlangothi zombili zikhuthaze ngokubambisana ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zibe sezingeni eliphezulu nangekhwalithi ephezulu. Lokhu akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukuncintisana okuphelele kwayo yomibili iminotho, kodwa futhi kwenza isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa okusimeme komnotho wesifunda.
Ukusungulwa kwe-FTA akugcinanga nje ngokukhuthaza ukubambisana nentuthuko yalezi zinhlangothi zombili ngokomnotho, kodwa kuphinde kwathuthukisa ukwethembana nokuqondana phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi zombili ngokwepolitiki. Ngokuqinisa ukubambisana ekukhulumisaneni kwenqubomgomo, ukuhwebelana kwabasebenzi kanye nokuhwebelana kwamasiko, izinhlangothi zombili zakhe ubuhlobo obuseduze bomphakathi nekusasa elihlanganyelwe futhi zenza iminikelo emihle ekuthuleni kwesifunda, ukuzinza, intuthuko kanye nokuchuma.
Uma sibheka phambili, i-China-ASEAN Free Trade Area izoqhubeka nokujulisa ukubambisana, yandise izindawo futhi ithuthukise izinga layo. Lezi zinhlangothi zombili zizosebenzisana ukudala impumelelo ekhaliphile futhi zenze igalelo elisha nelikhudlwana ekuchumeni nasekuzinzeni komnotho wesifunda nowomhlaba. Asibheke ngabomvu kusasa elingcono le-China-ASEAN Free Trade Area!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-19-2024
